Predictive fault-tolerant control of an all-thruster satellite in 6-DOF motion via neural network model updating

The problem of controlling an all-thruster spacecraft in the coupled translational-rotational motion in presence of actuators fault and/or failure is investigated in this paper. The nonlinear model predictive control approach is used because of its ability to predict the future behavior of the system. The fault/failure of the thrusters changes the mapping between the commanded forces to the thrusters and actual force/torque generated by the thruster system. Thus, the basic six degree-of-freedom kinetic equations are separated from this mapping and a set of neural networks are trained off-line to learn the kinetic equations. Then, two neural networks are attached to these trained networks in order to learn the thruster commands to force/torque mappings on-line. Different off-nominal conditions are modeled so that neural networks can detect any failure and fault, including scale factor and misalignment of thrusters. A simple model of the spacecraft relative motion is used in MPC to decrease the computational burden. However, a precise model by the means of orbit propagation including different types of perturbation is utilized to evaluate the usefulness of the proposed approach in actual conditions. The numerical simulation shows that this method can successfully control the all-thruster spacecraft with ON-OFF thrusters in different combinations of thruster fault and/or failure.     

振动试验极限控制应用实例

介绍了某产品振动应力筛选试验，通过对产品采用极限控制，并组合配以虚拟参考点（2点控制）以及响应点（2点控制）的方式，保证产品在试验过程中不会受到过强的力学应力，避免产品内部敏感元件的损坏。这种振动试验与常见的振动试验有很多不同点，从某产品振动试验实践，阐述此类试验有关技术问题。     

类IXV飞行器初期再入制导与姿态控制方法研究

摘要： 针对类IXV飞行器无翼式升力体构型及采用RCS/尾襟翼组合控制特点，研究其初期再入段的高精度制导与姿态控制方法.设计带过程约束的数值预测 校正制导律以提高制导系统的鲁棒性及精确性；根据其执行机构配置特点，设计基于RCS的航向控制律及基于RCS/气动舵的纵、横向复合控制律，并采用鲁棒伺服LQR技术进行控制参数快速设计.通过蒙特卡洛打靶仿真来验证算法的精度及鲁棒性.     

基于避障伪距离的自由漂浮空间机器人规划跟踪一体化控制

针对自由漂浮空间机器人(Free Floating Space Robot,FFSR)的避障规划与控制问题，提出一种FFSR的避障规划-跟踪一体化控制方法。首先，基于障碍物伪距离技术，采用FFSR逆几何模型求解期望末端位姿下的连杆伪距离估计值，进而通过求解非线性优化问题，获得FFSR避障期望轨迹。其次，将全局轨迹规划与局部在线避障相结合，辅以离散状态黎卡提方程（DSDRE）控制方法实现FFSR的避障规划-跟踪一体化控制。最后，采用6R空间机器人模型验证了所提方法的有效性。仿真结果表明，该方法能够实现FFSR的避障控制，有效克服了传统FFSR控制中末端轨迹规划与控制相分离的问题，提高了FFSR的环境适应性。     

空间太阳能电站统一调度设计及电能管理分析

针对多旋转关节空间太阳能电站(Space Solar Power Station, SSPS)，提出一种环形拓扑的电力系统架构。基于功率分层准则对SSPS电力拓扑架构进行设计，提出U1~U7共7个层级、母线电压5000V、功率等级为MW的太阳能电站电力系统。针对分层架构中多太阳电池阵子阵并联(U6层)，提出分层功率平衡统一控制策略，对MPPT控制、MPPT控制+稳定直流母线电压混合控制、MPPT算法+下垂稳定直流母线电压混合控制三种控制方法开展仿真分析。结果表明，提出的基于虚拟阻抗的下垂控制策略可以有效调节、分配功率，解决了空间发电站母线电压无法稳定的问题。     

Propulsionless planar phasing of multiple satellites using deep reinforcement learning

This work creates a framework for solving highly non-linear satellite formation control problems by using model-free policy optimisation deep reinforcement learning (DRL) methods. This work considers, believed to be for the first time, DRL methods, such as advantage actor-critic method (A2C) and proximal policy optimisation (PPO), to solve the example satellite formation problem of propellantless planar phasing of multiple satellites. Three degree-of-freedom simulations, including a novel surrogate propagation model, are used to train the deep reinforcement learning agents. During training, the agents actuated their motion through cross-sectional area changes which altered the environmental accelerations acting on them. The DRL framework designed in this work successfully coordinated three spacecraft to achieve a propellantless planar phasing manoeuvre. This work has created a DRL framework that can be used to solve complex satellite formation flying problems, such as planar phasing of multiple satellites and in doing so provides key insights into achieving optimal and robust formation control using reinforcement learning.     

电磁测力系统研究

介绍了电磁测力系统中静磁场分析与优化、通电线圈位置控制方法及提高线性度的自校准方法。运用Maxwell 3D进行仿真计算，得到了相对优化的磁密及磁均匀性，通过控制通电线圈在磁场中位置及分段线性微分技术，提高了电磁测力准确度。构建了试验装置，对比试验数据表明，该研究措施对于提高电磁测力准确度取得了较好效果。     

仿生正弦前缘对翼面动态失速的影响

动态失速导致叶片气动载荷急剧变化，造成振动载荷激增，桨叶寿命大幅衰减。针对动态失速问题，从座头鲸胸鳍在动态倾转下取得良好的流动特性获得启示，据此模化出仿生正弦前缘翼面（包含3种波峰和2种波长），旨在实现动态失速控制。借助三维非定常数值模拟方法，采用运动网格技术，基于SC1095旋翼翼型，研究了仿生前缘动态失速流动控制机理及运动参数和来流速度的影响。结果表明：正弦前缘大幅度降低俯仰力矩系数峰值和阻力系数峰值；前缘波峰越大、波长越小，阻力系数峰值与俯仰力矩系数峰值的抑制效果越明显，虽然升力系数峰值减小，但其减小量远小于前两者，例如其中一种仿生翼使俯仰力矩系数峰值减小了47.7%，阻力系数峰值减小了36.4%，升力系数峰值减小14.1%；在最大迎角附近，正弦前缘能够缓和失速特性，使载荷变化更为平缓；在高平均迎角、低俯仰频率、低马赫数下，仿生翼动态失速控制效果更强，相比较而言迎角振幅的影响较小。     

基于时标分解的弹性高超声速飞行器智能控制

考虑弹性高超声速飞行器纵向动力学模型，提出了一种基于时标分解的智能控制方法。考虑刚体状态和弹性模态具有不同的时标特性，采用奇异摄动理论进行快慢时标分解，将模型转换为刚体慢变子系统和弹性快变子系统。针对刚体子系统考虑动力学不确定，基于平行估计模型构造表征不确定逼近效果的预测误差，结合跟踪误差给出复合学习控制策略。针对弹性子系统设计自适应滑模控制稳定弹性模态。通过李雅普诺夫稳定性分析可证系统状态一致终值有界。仿真表明所提出的控制方法能够实现刚弹模态的稳定收敛，且具有更高的跟踪精度、更好的学习性能和更快的收敛速度。     

基于GaN HEMT和平面变压器的高效率谐振DC/DC变换器

为了提高航天领域高压直流母线DC/DC变换器的效率性能和功率密度,基于氮化镓器件和谐振变换器拓扑,研究矩阵变压器和平面磁元件的优化方法,提出了一种包含等效半匝绕组的变压器绕组结构,实现了多个并联副边绕组间以及多个并联整流器件间的均流,降低了损耗,提高了低压大电流输出时的效率。此外,还研究了模块的并联均流方法,搭建了270 V转28 V、1.2 kW输出的模块单体样机和2.4 kW的多模块并联样机,验证了所提出方法的可行性。